Convert numbers to Roman numerals and Roman numerals back to numbers instantly.
A Roman numeral converter is a free online tool that converts numbers to Roman numerals and Roman numerals back to decimal numbers instantly. Roman numerals are still widely used in clocks, book chapters, movie sequels, copyright years and royal names.
Roman numerals are used on the dials of analogue clocks and watches for a classic, elegant appearance.
Chapter numbers, film sequels (Star Wars: Episode IV) and series titles often use Roman numerals.
Many films, TV shows and publications display their copyright year in Roman numerals in end credits.
Monarchs and Popes are numbered using Roman numerals — King Charles III, Pope John Paul II.
Roman numerals are a numeral system from ancient Rome using letters: I=1, V=5, X=10, L=50, C=100, D=500, M=1000. Numbers are formed by combining these symbols.
Traditional Roman numerals go up to 3,999 (MMMCMXCIX). For larger numbers, a bar over a numeral multiplies it by 1,000, but this is rarely used today.
The subtractive principle: placing a smaller value before a larger value means subtraction. IV = 5 − 1 = 4. This rule was standardised during the Middle Ages, though IIII still appears on some clock faces.
MMXXIV = MM (2000) + XX (20) + IV (4) = 2024.